🧠 Definition of Envy (Hasad) – Linguistically and Technically

🔤 Linguistic Meaning of Envy (Hasad):

The term "Hasad" (envy) in the Arabic language is derived from the verb:

"Hasada – Yahsidu / Yahsudu – Hasadan, Husoodan, Hasādah, Hassadah"

It refers to:

The wish for someone else's blessing or virtue to be transferred to oneself, or for it to be taken away from them altogether.

📚 Source: Al-Fayruzabadi, Al-Qāmūs Al-Muḥīṭ, p. 277

📚 Technical (Islamic) Definitions of Envy:

🧾 Al-Jurjani’s Definition:

"Envy is the desire for the removal of a blessing from the one who is envied, to oneself."

📘 Reference: Al-Taʿrīfāt, p. 87

💰 Al-Kafawi’s Definition:

"Envy is the discontent of the heart towards people because of their abundance in wealth and possessions."

📗 Reference: Al-Kulliyyāt, p. 408

💔 Al-Tahir Ibn ‘Ashur’s Definition:

"Envy is a psychological feeling that arises from admiring a blessing possessed by another, coupled with the desire for that blessing to be removed — either due to jealousy over their exclusive possession or due to their sharing of that state with the envier."

📕 Reference: Al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr, Vol. 30, p. 629