π General Information
- Verses: 75
- Revelation: Madinan
- Exception: Verses 30-36 were revealed in Makkah, discussing the Quraysh's conspiracy against the Prophet ο·Ί before migration.
- Theme: The Surah mainly addresses battle ethics, war spoils (ghanimah), prisoners of war, and regulations on combat.
π Key Themes and Topics
πΆ 1. The Question of Spoils of War (Al-Anfal)
- The Surah begins by addressing the distribution of war booty and clarifies that its ruling belongs to Allah and His Messenger ο·Ί.
π· 2. Qualities of True Believers
- Faith, humility, reliance on Allah, and obedience are emphasized as the key traits of true believers.
πΆ 3. Divine Assistance in Battle
- The angels' support during the Battle of Badr is mentioned to reassure believers.
π· 4. Rules of Engagement in Warfare
- Prohibition of fleeing from battle except in tactical retreat.
- Victory comes from Allah, not from personal strength (βIt was not you who threw, but Allah threwβ β 8:17).
πΆ 5. Importance of Obedience
- Command to obey Allah and His Messenger ο·Ί and warning against turning away.
π· 6. The Danger of Trials (Fitnah)
- Believers are warned to prevent corruption, as trials affect not just wrongdoers but also the righteous.